Профилактика венозных тромбозов в хирургической практике

   В настоящее время артериальные и венозные тромбозы являются одними из ведущих причин заболеваемости и смертности. Антикоагулянтная терапия относится к одному из наиболее востребованных в практической медицине подходов в лечении и профилактике тромботических состояний. В статье представлены наиболее часто применяемые в клинической практике антикоагулянты прямого действия и их сравнительная клинико-фармакологическая характеристика. Приведены основные положения рекомендаций по медицинской профилактике венозных тромбозов с учетом характера хирургических мероприятий и факторов риска пациента. Приведены особенности использования низкомолекулярных гепаринов и нефракционированного гепарина на фоне проведения регионарной анестезии. Представлены алгоритмы прерывания антитромботической терапии при плановых и неотложных оперативных вмешательствах.

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